在实际应用中，当我们准备把一个项目移交至客户手中使用时，我们需要把库中所有表先前的测试数据清空，以给客户一个干净的数据库，如果涉及的表很多，要一一的清空，不仅花费时间，还容易出错以及漏删，在这儿我提供了一个方法，可快捷有效的清空指定数据库所有表的数据。仅供参考，欢迎交流不同意见。
--Remove all data from a database
SET NOCOUNT ON
--Tables to ignore
DECLARE @IgnoreTables
TABLE (TableName varchar(512))
INSERT INTO @IgnoreTables (TableName) VALUES ("sysdiagrams")
DECLARE @AllRelationships
TABLE (ForeignKey varchar(512)
,TableName varchar(512)
,ColumnName varchar(512)
,ReferenceTableName varchar(512)
,ReferenceColumnName varchar(512)
,DeleteRule varchar(512))
INSERT INTO @AllRelationships
SELECT f.name AS ForeignKey,
OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) AS TableName,
COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,
fc.parent_column_id) AS ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) AS ReferenceTableName,
COL_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id,
fc.referenced_column_id) AS ReferenceColumnName,
delete_referential_action_desc as DeleteRule
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
DECLARE @TableOwner varchar(512)
DECLARE @TableName varchar(512)
DECLARE @ForeignKey varchar(512)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(512)
DECLARE @ReferenceTableName varchar(512)
DECLARE @ReferenceColumnName varchar(512)
DECLARE @DeleteRule varchar(512)
PRINT("Loop through all tables and switch all constraints to have a delete rule of CASCADE")
DECLARE DataBaseTables0
CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;
OPEN DataBaseTables0;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables0
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF (NOT EXISTS(SELECT TOP 1 1 FROM @IgnoreTables WHERE TableName = @TableName))
BEGIN
PRINT "["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]";
DECLARE DataBaseTableRelationships CURSOR FOR
SELECT ForeignKey, ColumnName, ReferenceTableName, ReferenceColumnName
FROM @AllRelationships
WHERE TableName = @TableName
OPEN DataBaseTableRelationships;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTableRelationships INTO @ForeignKey, @ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName, @ReferenceColumnName;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0
PRINT "=====> No Relationships" ;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT "=====> switching delete rule on " + @ForeignKey + " to CASCADE";
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY
EXEC("
ALTER TABLE ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]
DROP CONSTRAINT "+@ForeignKey+";
ALTER TABLE ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT
"+@ForeignKey+" FOREIGN KEY
(
"+@ColumnName+"
) REFERENCES "+@ReferenceTableName+"
(
"+@ReferenceColumnName+"
) ON DELETE CASCADE;
");
COMMIT TRANSACTION
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
PRINT "=====> can""t switch " + @ForeignKey + " to CASCADE, - " +
CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS VARCHAR) + " - " + ERROR_MESSAGE();
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
END CATCH;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTableRelationships INTO @ForeignKey, @ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName, @ReferenceColumnName;
END;
CLOSE DataBaseTableRelationships;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTableRelationships;
END
PRINT "";
PRINT "";
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables0
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
END
CLOSE DataBaseTables0;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables0;
PRINT("Loop though each table and DELETE All data from the table")
DECLARE DataBaseTables1 CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;
OPEN DataBaseTables1;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables1
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF (NOT EXISTS(SELECT TOP 1 1 FROM @IgnoreTables WHERE TableName = @TableName))
BEGIN
PRINT "["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]";
PRINT "=====> deleting data from ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]";
BEGIN TRY
EXEC("
DELETE FROM ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]
DBCC CHECKIDENT ([" + @TableName + "], RESEED, 0)
");
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
PRINT "=====> can""t FROM ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "], - " +
CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS VARCHAR) + " - " + ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
END
PRINT "";
PRINT "";
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables1
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
END
CLOSE DataBaseTables1;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables1;
PRINT("Loop through all tables and switch all constraints to have a delete rule they had at the beggining of the task")
DECLARE DataBaseTables2 CURSOR FOR
SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) AS schema_name, t.name AS table_name
FROM sys.tables AS t;
OPEN DataBaseTables2;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables2
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF (NOT EXISTS(SELECT TOP 1 1 FROM @IgnoreTables WHERE TableName = @TableName))
BEGIN
PRINT "["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]";
DECLARE DataBaseTableRelationships CURSOR FOR
SELECT ForeignKey, ColumnName, ReferenceTableName, ReferenceColumnName, DeleteRule
FROM @AllRelationships
WHERE TableName = @TableName
OPEN DataBaseTableRelationships;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTableRelationships INTO @ForeignKey, @ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName, @ReferenceColumnName, @DeleteRule;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0
PRINT "=====> No Relationships" ;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
DECLARE @switchBackTo varchar(50) =
CASE
WHEN @DeleteRule = "NO_ACTION" THEN "NO ACTION"
WHEN @DeleteRule = "CASCADE" THEN "CASCADE"
WHEN @DeleteRule = "SET_NULL" THEN "SET NULL"
WHEN @DeleteRule = "SET_DEFAULT" THEN "SET DEFAULT"
END
PRINT "=====> switching delete rule on " + @ForeignKey + " to " + @switchBackTo;
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY
EXEC("
ALTER TABLE ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "]
DROP CONSTRAINT "+@ForeignKey+";
ALTER TABLE ["+@TableOwner+"].[" + @TableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT
"+@ForeignKey+" FOREIGN KEY
(
"+@ColumnName+"
) REFERENCES "+@ReferenceTableName+"
(
"+@ReferenceColumnName+"
) ON DELETE "+@switchBackTo+"
");
COMMIT TRANSACTION
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
PRINT "=====> can""t change "+@ForeignKey + " back to "+ @switchBackTo +", - " +
CAST(ERROR_NUMBER() AS VARCHAR) + " - " + ERROR_MESSAGE();
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
END CATCH;
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTableRelationships
INTO @ForeignKey, @ColumnName, @ReferenceTableName, @ReferenceColumnName, @DeleteRule;
END;
CLOSE DataBaseTableRelationships;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTableRelationships;
END
PRINT "";
PRINT "";
FETCH NEXT FROM DataBaseTables2
INTO @TableOwner,@TableName;
END
CLOSE DataBaseTables2;
DEALLOCATE DataBaseTables2;
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