河北省“五个一名校联盟”2021届高三第二次诊断考试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节）
第一节（共5小题）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man's work. B. The man's wife. C. The woman's work.
2. What's the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
3. Why does the man telephone the woman?
A. To book a ticket.
B. To confirm his flight.
C. To cancel his reservation.
4. Why was Tom unable to go to the department stores yesterday?
A. His brother was ill.
B. He went to the park.
C. He had to be with his family.
5. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife.
第二节（共15小题）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the two speakers do just now?
A. They had some bread.
B. They watched a play.
C. They ate some pizza.
7. Where will they go next?
A. A coffee shop. B. A theatre. C. Their home.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will Simon do?
A. He will meet Mary.
B. He will go downtown.
C. He will drive Jenny's car.
9. Where will the speakers meet?
A. At Jenny's place. B. At Simon's place. C. At Mary's place.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why will the woman's father go to Paris?
A. He has planned to travel there.
B. He has found a new job there.
C. He has been asked to work there.
11. What problem may the family face?
A. Father will travel frequently.
B. They will visit Paris now and then.
C. They will have to learn foreign languages.
12. Where will the woman's family probably be in July?
A. In London. B. In Paris. C. In Germany.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man check the price of the necklace?
A. The price tags are mistaken.
B. The price on the tag is unreasonable.
C. The woman can't find the price tag.
14. How much does the short necklace cost?
A. $199. B. $600. C. $1,500.
15. What is the determining factor of the necklace's price?
A. The size. B. The length. C. The quality.
16. What does the woman buy at last?
A. The longer necklace and the ring.
B. Neither the necklace nor the ring.
C. The shorter necklace and the ring.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A. Young campers. B. Camp leaders. C. Parents.
18. How many kids are there in a cabin?
A. Eight. B. Seven. C. Twelve.
19. Where will the kids have breakfast?
A. In the field. B. In the big tent. C. In their cabins.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. Guidance on how to look after kids.
B. Tips on enjoying travelling at Canyon Fall.
C. Instructions on working at a summer camp.
第二部分 阅读（共两节）
第一节（共15小题）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Nutrition Company on a Special Mission
Pūratae is a socially responsible health and wellness company that was founded on the principles of helping others live a more pure, balanced life—while Pūratae is also doing something that distinguishes itself from other nutrition companies—feeding children in need around the world.
Their Pure Superblend is a supplement powder designed to be taken in the morning. Designed to help balance the body in every area, it provides:
—14 supplements that not only provide your essential vitamins and minerals, but also support a healthy gut (肠道) and increase and stabilize the natural energy of the body.
—10 grams of plant and vegetable based protein to stabilize the blood sugar and maintain lean mass.
—And, it's natural, allergen-free, and PURE—free of artificial colors, flavors, preservatives and sweeteners.
At $ 3.00 per day, retail, they are also committed to making it affordable. When using the discount code for 15% off, it drops to $ 2.50 per day when you buy your monthly supply.
With every Pure Superblend purchased, the company provides 10 meals to children in need. Pūratae currently has a giving outreach in 20 countries (including the US and Canada) and provides over 1,000 meals a day to children in need.
1. What is special about the Pūratae company?
A. Its products are natural and pure.
B. It provides meals to kids in need.
C. It helps consumers live a balanced life.
D. Its products contain essential minerals.
2. How much should you pay if you buy monthly supply at a discount?
A. About $ 45.
B. About $ 10.
C. About $ 90.
D. About $ 75.
3. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To comment.
B. To advertise.
C. To offer tips.
D. To entertain readers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。短文介绍了一家营养公司Pūratae研发的一种新产品Pure Superblend，包括它的成分，功效，价格等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Pūratae is a socially responsible health and wellness company that was founded on the principles of helping others live a more pure, balanced life—while Pūratae is also doing something that distinguishes itself from other nutrition companies—feeding children in need around the world.(Pūratae是一家有社会责任的健康公司，其宗旨是帮助他人过上更纯洁、更平衡的生活。Pūratae也在做一些与其他营养公司不同的事情，为世界各地有需要的儿童提供营养。)”可知Pūratae的特别之处在于它为有需要的孩子提供食物。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“At $ 3.00 per day, retail, they are also committed to making it affordable. When using the discount code for 15% off, it drops to $ 2.50 per day when you buy your monthly supply.(零售价为每天3美元，他们还致力于使其价格合理。如果使用15%折扣的折扣代码，当您购买每月供应时，折扣将降至每天2.50美元。)”可知使用折扣按月购买需要支付75美元。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“营养公司的特殊任务”结合第二段“Their Pure Superblend is a supplement powder designed to be taken in the morning. Designed to help balance the body in every area, (他们的Pure Superblend是一种专为早上服用的补充粉。旨在帮助平衡身体的各个部位)”以及下文内容对这款新产品的成分，功效以及价格的介绍可以推知本文的目的是为这款新产品做广告，故选B项。
B
A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.
She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."
Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.
As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture in Germany.
Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."
4. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?
A. She received 17 rejections in total.
B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.
C. The rejections were connected into a fan.
D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.
5. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?
A. Favorable.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Skeptical.
D. Opposed.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?
A. Creative and considerate.
B. Caring and determined.
C. Optimistic and humorous.
D. Generous and intelligent.
7. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?
A. Hard work pays off.
B. Education is the entrance to success.
C. Self-respect earns more respect.
D. One needs to normalize failures.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了29岁的Julie Libarkin将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子，希望告诉人们，失败是很正常的。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.(29岁的Caitlin Kirby打印了17封拒绝信——有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的——然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排，最后把这件衣服设计成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，Caitlin Kirby将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. (Caitlin的导师、密歇根州立大学地球与环境科学教授Julie Libarkin也鼓励学生接受失败。Libarkin认为，对学生来说，养成申请的习惯并习惯被拒的感觉非常重要。因此，她鼓励学生们追逐任何机会)”可推断，Julie Libarkin对Caitlin的行为是赞成的。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying. (密歇根的一名博士生在她的论文答辩时，她穿着一条裙子，裙子是由她在学习期间收到的拒绝信做成的)”和最后一段“"I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."(我还会收到更多的拒绝信，”她开玩笑说，“也许我会做一条长一点的裙子。”)”可推断，Caitlin Kirby乐观且幽默。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“"The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way." (“翻看那些旧信件、制作那条裙子的整个过程在某种程度上提醒了我，要想成功，你必须申请很多职位。”她说。“在这个过程中，被拒绝是很自然的一部分。”)”可推断，我们需要将失败正常化。故选D。
C
A team from Northwestern University has developed a soft, skin-interfaced sensor that can analyze the molecular (分子的) composition of sweat for things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the data to the wearer's smartphone. This data, the researchers hope, will allow people to better control their stress levels throughout the day.
Cortisol, also called the stress hormone, can be measured in a person's sweat. Released from the adrenal glands (肾上腺) under periods of physical and mental stress, it can be a powerful performance enhancer—increasing energy production and glucose (葡萄糖) availability for the muscles during a "fight or flight" situation, for instance being attacked by a lion. However, cortisol can also be released because of modern stressors such as money problems, issues at work, and other day-to-day worries that if built up over time, create the chronic anxiety and can lead to an increased risk for diabetes, depression, high blood pressure and obesity.
When someone wears the chip sweats, the liquid runs through small channels into a series of chemical test sensors that look for different biological signals which could suggest a rise in cortisol.
Previous attempts in years past at creating devices like this were limited by the need to take sweat samples to laboratories for analysis, removing any ability for the individual to act on the data in a way that might prevent buildup of stressful feelings, or even an anxiety attack.
Such a device could be paramount in helping people relieve depressive or stressful feelings (not least because exercising hard enough to cause sweating helps with anxiety on its own).
Furthermore, the percent of the population of American adults with regular feelings of worry, nervousness, or anxiety is around 11.2%, while there are nearly 60 million doctors' visits where mental or behavioral health is the chief concern. Putting power into patients' hands—in the form of a detailed diagnosis of cortisol levels, could help significantly to lower those numbers.
8. What's the function of the newly developed sensor?
A. To examine the component of sweat.
B. To show when one lacks vitamin.
C. To connect wearable devices to smartphones.
D. To control people's stress levels the whole day.
9. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. What may create the profile of chronic anxiety.
B. What may cause the release of the stress hormone.
C. How cortisol can enhance one's energy production.
D. How cortisol can be measured in a person's sweat.
10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word?
A. Significant.
B. Useless.
C. Accessible.
D. Weak.
11. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A product review.
B. A guidebook.
C. A magazine.
D. A science fiction.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种柔软的皮肤接口传感器，可以分析汗液中皮质醇、血糖和维生素C等物质的分子组成，并将数据发送到佩戴者的智能手机。研究人员希望，这些数据能让人们更好地控制一整天的压力水平。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A team from Northwestern University has developed a soft, skin-interfaced sensor that can analyze the molecular (分子的) composition of sweat for things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the data to the wearer's smartphone.(西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种柔软的皮肤接口传感器，可以分析汗液中皮质醇、血糖和维生素C等物质的分子组成，并将数据发送到佩戴者的智能手机)”可知，这种新的传感器可以检测汗液的成分。故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Cortisol, also called the stress hormone, can be measured in a person's sweat. Released from the adrenal glands (肾上腺) under periods of physical and mental stress, it can be a powerful performance enhancer—increasing energy production and glucose (葡萄糖) availability for the muscles during a "fight or flight" situation, for instance being attacked by a lion. However, cortisol can also be released because of modern stressors such as money problems, issues at work, and other day-to-day worries that if built up over time, create the chronic anxiety and can lead to an increased risk for diabetes, depression, high blood pressure and obesity.(皮质醇，也被称为应激激素，可以在一个人的汗液中测量。在生理和心理压力下从肾上腺释放出来，是一种强大的性能增强剂，在“战斗或逃跑”的情况下，例如被狮子攻击时，增加肌肉的能量生产和葡萄糖供应。然而，皮质醇也可以释放，因为现代压力源，如金钱问题，工作问题，和其他日常忧虑，如果建立了一段时间，造成慢性焦虑，并可能导致糖尿病，抑郁症，高血压和肥胖的风险增加)”可知，本段内容主要介绍了是什么导致应激激素的释放，即在生理和心理压力下从肾上腺释放出来和皮质醇释放，故选B项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段“Such a device could be paramount in helping people relieve depressive or stressful feelings (not least because exercising hard enough to cause sweating helps with anxiety on its own).(这种装置在帮助人们缓解抑郁或紧张情绪方面可能是paramount的（尤其是因为锻炼到足以导致出汗的程度有助于缓解焦虑）)”可知，这种装置的作用是正向的，积极的，帮助人们缓解抑郁或紧张的情绪，结合选项：A. 至关重要的；B. 无用的；C. 可接近的，可用的；D. 虚弱的，可知只有A项“至关重要的”符合语境，可以替代paramount，故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A team from Northwestern University has developed a soft, skin-interfaced sensor that can analyze the molecular (分子的) composition of sweat for things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the data to the wearer's smartphone. This data, the researchers hope, will allow people to better control their stress levels throughout the day.(西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种柔软的皮肤接口传感器，可以分析汗液中皮质醇、血糖和维生素C等物质的分子组成，并将数据发送到佩戴者的智能手机。研究人员希望，这些数据能让人们更好地控制一整天的压力水平)”可知，本文主要是介绍了一种新研发的可以检查汗液成分，从而让人们可以更好地控制压力水平的皮肤接口传感器，结合全文内容对此传感器的详细说明，介绍运用它将带来的好处可推知，本文属于科普类文章，应出自“杂志”，故选C项。
D
There is an "environmental silver lining" as a result of the coronavirus (冠状病毒) —carbon emissions have been reduced by more than 4%, many wildlife markets around the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly improved, Dave Ford, founder of the environmental literacy organization SoulBuffalo, says.
But thanks to an increase in pandemic-related, non-recyclable materials such as take-out plastic containers and masks, 30% more waste has entered our oceans, he notes. "There's 129 billion facemasks being made every month—enough that you could cover the entire country of Switzerland with facemasks at the end of this year if trends continue," he says. "And a lot of these masks are ending up in the water." The masks look like jellyfish—in other words, food—to turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus, attractive to those animals and then endangering them, he says.
Very little of the plastic we use is actually recyclable. Sharon Lerner of The Intercept told Here & Now last year that "the vast majority of plastic that has ever been produced—79%—has actually ended up in landfills or burned, but not refashioned into new products." Even if the plastics we have can be reused, Ford says recycling programs across the globe are facing drastic budget cuts.
"We're starting to see recycling programs shuttered, waste picking communities operating at 50% or actually shutting down. They are the last line of defense between plastic and the environment," he says.
Last year, Unilever planned to cut its use of non-recycled plastics in half by 2025. In an interview with Here & Now, Richard Slater, Unilever's chief research and development officer, drew on the industry argument that plastic packaging is lighter, which means less shipping and therefore fewer dangerous emissions that cause climate change.
Yes, plastics are lightweight and can cut down on fuel spending. But on the other hand, plastic waste is being found in every facet of life—even in the deepest ocean.
12. What does "environmental silver lining" in Papagraph 1 refer to?
A. An environmental organization.
B. The closure of some wildlife markets.
C. The decrease of carbon dioxide emissions.
D. Benefits on environment from the coronavirus.
13. Why are facemasks appealing to some sea creatures?
A. They resemble the sea creatures' food.
B. They contain certain unique chemicals.
C. Many sea creatures like to chase plastic by nature.
D. There is a continuous shortage of food in the ocean.
14. What can we learn about the plastic waste?
A. Most of it is recycled into new products.
B. The majority of it is buried or burned.
C. 129 billion facemasks end up in the ocean.
D. There is enough budget for plastic recycling.
15. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Plastic can cut down fuel spending
B. Recycling programs are shutting down
C. The coronavirus has caused more ocean plastic
D. Solutions to ocean plastic pollution are being explored
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“carbon emissions have been reduced by more than 4%, many wildlife markets around the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly improved(碳排放量减少了4%以上，世界各地许多野生动物市场被关闭，一些地方的空气质量略有改善。)”可知，新冠病毒的出现给“环境带来了一线希望”，所以environmental silver lining指的是“新冠病毒对环境的好处。”故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The masks look like jellyfish—in other words, food—to turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus, attractive to those animals and then endangering them, he says. (很多这样的口罩最后都掉进水里了。”他说，这种口罩看起来像水母——换句话说，是乌龟和其他野生动物的食物——因此，吸引了这些动物，然后又危及了它们。)”可知，有些海洋生物喜欢口罩，是因为它们很像海洋生物的食物。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sharon Lerner of The Intercept told Here & Now last year that "the vast majority of plastic that has ever been produced—79%—has actually ended up in landfills or burned, but not refashioned into new products." (去年，Intercept网站的Sharon Lerner在接受《Here & Now》采访时表示：“绝大多数已经生产出来的塑料——79%——最终都被扔进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧，但没有被改造成新产品。”)”可知，大部分塑料废品都被埋了或者烧掉了。故选B。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But on the other hand, plastic waste is being found in every facet of life—even in the deepest ocean. (但另一方面，塑料垃圾正在生活的各个方面被发现，甚至在最深的海洋。)”及全文内容可知，文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。所以“The coronavirus has caused more ocean plastic(冠状病毒造成了海洋更多的塑料)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
第二节（共5小题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A popular person is someone who is admired, appreciated, or loved by their peers. Others want to be associated with them, and they have plenty of friends. A popular person usually has a high social status in their peer group. ___16___
Care about your appearance.
Taking pride in your appearance is one of the simplest ways to improve your social prospects and alter the way people think about you. You do not have to wear expensive or fashionable clothes to become popular. ___17___
Be confident.
If you want people to like you for who you are, you have to also like yourself. ___18___ When people notice the confident way you hold yourself, they'll realize you are someone worth being around.
Join in.
___19___ Don't walk the halls with your head lowered or skip lunch because you have no one to sit with; talk to people and get to know them. Show an interest in what's going